RESUMEN Introducción: Desde la aparición de la enfermedad por el nuevo coronavirus de 2019 (COVID-19), el mundo se enfrentó a una pandemia con consecuencias a todo nivel. En muchos países los sistemas de salud se han visto colapsados y el personal de salud ha tenido que enfrentarse a esta crisis en primera línea. Los efectos adversos sobre la salud mental del personal sanitario han sido ampliamente reportados. La presente investigación se enfoca en identificar los principales factores asociados con efectos adversos psicológicos. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal, basado en encuestas, aplicando los test PHQ-9, GAD-7, ISI y EIE-R a personal de salud de Ecuador durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Resultados: Participaron 1.028 personas, distribuidas en: 557 médicos (54,18%), 349 enfermeras (33,94%), 29 laboratoristas (2,82%), 27 paramédicos (2,62%), 52 psicólogos (5,05%) y 14 terapeutas respiratorios (1,36%), de 16 de las 24 provincias de Ecuador. El 27,3% tenía síntomas de depresión; el 39,2%, síntomas de ansiedad; el 16,3%, insomnio y el 43,8%, síntomas de TEPT; los 4 tipos de síntomas iban de moderados a graves. Los factores asociados más relevantes fueron: trabajar en Guayas (la provincia más afectada) (OR = 2,18 para síntomas depresivos y OR = 2,59 para síntomas de TEPT); ser médico posgradista (OR = 1,52 para síntomas depresivos y OR = 1,57 para insomnio), percepción de no contar con el equipo de protección adecuado (OR = 1,71 para síntomas de depresión y OR = 1,57 para síntomas de ansiedad) y ser mujer (OR = 1,39 para ansiedad). Conclusiones: El personal de salud puede tener una afección mental importante que puede requerir intervención médica psiquiátrica y psicológica. Los principales factores asociados se relacionan sobre todo con vivir y trabajar en ciudades con mayor número de casos y las características del trabajo, como ser médico posgradista, así como la percepción propia de seguridad. Se requiere realizar más estudios según evolucione la pandemia.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Since the emergence of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the world has faced a pandemic with consequences at all levels. In many countries, the health systems collapsed and healthcare professionals had to be on the front line of this crisis. The adverse effects on the mental health of healthcare professionals have been widely reported. This research focuses on identifying the main factors associated with adverse psychological outcomes. Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study based on surveys, applying the PHQ-9, GAD-7, ISI and EIE-R tests to healthcare professionals from Ecuador during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results:1,028 participants, distributed in: 557 physicians (54.18%), 349 nurses (33.94%), 29 laboratory workers (2.82%), 27 paramedics (2.62%), 52 psychologists (5.05%) and 14 respiratory therapists (1.36%), from 16 of the 24 provinces of Ecuador. Of these, 27.3% presented symptoms of depression, 39.2% anxiety symptoms, 16.3% insomnia and 43.8% symptoms of PTSD, with the 4 types of symptoms ranging from moderate to severe. The most relevant associated factors were: working in Guayas (the most affected province) (OR = 2.18 for depressive symptoms and OR = 2.59 for PTSD symptoms); being a postgraduate doctor (OR = 1.52 for depressive symptoms and OR = 1.57 for insomnia), perception of not having the proper protective equipment (OR = 1.71 for symptoms of depression and OR = 1.57 for symptoms of anxiety) and being a woman (OR = 1.39 for anxiety). Conclusions: Healthcare professionals can suffer a significant mental condition that may require psychiatric and psychological intervention. The main associated factors are primarily related to living and working in cities with a higher number of cases and the characteristics of the job, such as being a postgraduate doctor, as well as the perception of security. The main risk factors are primarily related to geographical distribution and job characteristics, such as being a resident physician and self-perception of safety. Further studies are required as the pandemic evolves.

RESUMEN El presente artículo tiene como objetivo conocer la perspectiva y comportamiento del alumnado acerca de la modalidad virtual en tiempo de pandemia por efecto de la suspensión de clases presenciales, producida por el Covid-19. El estudio fue descriptivo, transversal, de campo, documental y bibliográfico; con enfoque cuantitativo y cualitativo. Los resultados obtenidos indican que el 60% de los estudiantes estaban preparados desde el punto de vista educativo para enfrentar esta crisis, en cuanto a equipos tecnológicos se utilizaron en mayor porcentaje los computadores portátiles y de escritorio, la calidad del uso del internet estuvo entre bueno y regular, entre las actividades académicas realizadas resaltaron las clases virtuales, los trabajos grupales y el sistema teams fue el más usado para el dictado de clases. Se concluye que mediante la educación virtual no se lograron buenos resultados en cuanto al proceso de formación educativa, el nivel de enseñanza de los docentes y el aprendizaje de los estudiantes disminuyó comparando las etapas antes y durante la pandemia.

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é conhecer a perspectiva e o comportamento dos alunos sobre a modalidade virtual em tempos de pandemia devido à suspensão das aulas presenciais, produzida pela Covid-19. O estudo foi descritivo, transversal, de campo, documental e bibliográfico; com abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa. Os resultados obtidos indicam que 60% dos alunos estavam preparados do ponto de vista educacional para enfrentar esta crise, em termos de equipamentos tecnológicos, laptops e desktops foram utilizados em maior percentual, a qualidade de uso da Internet ficou entre boa e regular, dentre as atividades acadêmicas realizadas, destacaram-se as aulas virtuais, o trabalho em grupo e o sistema de equipes foi o mais utilizado para ministrar as aulas. Conclui-se que, por meio da educação virtual, não foram alcançados bons resultados em termos do processo de formação educacional, o nível de ensino dos professores e a aprendizagem dos alunos diminuíram na comparação das etapas pré e durante a pandemia.

ABSTRACT The objective of this article is to know the perspective and behavior of students about the virtual modality in times of pandemic due to the suspension of face-to-face classes, produced by Covid-19. The study was descriptive, cross-sectional, field, documentary and bibliographic; with a quantitative and qualitative approach. The results obtained indicate that 60% of the students were prepared from an educational point of view to face this crisis, in terms of technological equipment, laptops and desktops were used in a higher percentage, the quality of Internet use was between good and regular, among the academic activities carried out, virtual classes stood out, group work and the teams system was the most used for teaching classes. It is concluded that through virtual education, good results were not achieved in terms of the educational training process, the level of teaching of teachers and student learning decreased when comparing the stages before and during the pandemic.

ABSTRACT This work describes the catalytic study of [(Cp*)Co(Ind)] (with Cp*= pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, Ind= Indenyl, (C9H7)) complex in cyclotrimerization of phenylacetylene. From the cylcotrimerization reaction was possible to obtain products such as substituted pyridines 2-methyl-3,5-diphenylpyridine (3), 2-methyl-4,6-diphenylpyridine (4) and the compound 1,2,4-triphenylbenzene (5) using acetonitrile as solvent. On the other hand, using toluene as solvent under the same working conditions, the product of reaction was 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene (1). Furthermore, by varying the working conditions, the reaction is 90% selective towards the formation of pyridines. In addition, has been appreciated the formation of another product 1,4-diphenilbuta-1,3-diyne (2), which was isolated and characterized by means NMR and GC-Mass spectrometry.

ABSTRACT Several research to explore the possible conversion of CO2 using rhenium(I) tricarbonyl complexes have been reported the last years. In the present work, we investigated a potential use of fac-Re(CO)3(4,4′-di-methyl-2,2′-bipyridyl)L+ complex (C2), where L is an electron-withdrawing ancillary ligands which present an intramolecular hydrogen bond (IHB), in a preliminary electrocatalytic reduction of CO2. The C2 complex was synthesized and characterized according to reported methods earlier. The cyclic voltammogram profile for the C2 complex were studied in dichloromethane under inert atmosphere, and it shows a typical behavior for an electrocatalytic process, the C2 complex illustrate the electrochemical reaction mechanism corresponds to an electrochemical–chemical–electrochemical pathway (ECE). Also, a Vitreous Carbon plate used as working electrode was employed and modified by cycling the anodic region of C2 in CH2Cl2 which involve the oxidative redox response for the −NH2 and −OH groups. The voltammogram profile involve shows a polymeric deposit on the plate surface in a CO2 saturated solution (pH=7.0). A strong electrocatalytic discharge of current is obtained with a wave foot of -1.3 V showing that C2 have the potential to be used in electrocatalyst CO2 reduction.

(E)-2-{[(2-Aminopyridin-3-yl)imino]-methyl}-4,6-di-tert-butyl-phenol ( 3: ), a ligand containing an intramolecular hydrogen bond, was prepared according to a previous literature report, with modifications, and was characterized by UV-vis, FTIR, ¹H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HHCOSY, TOCSY and cyclic voltammetry. Computational analyses at the level of DFT and TD-DFT were performed to study its electronic and molecular structures. The results of these analyses elucidated the behaviors of the UV-vis and electrochemical data. Analysis of the transitions in the computed spectrum showed that the most important band is primarily composed of a HOMO→LUMO transition, designated as an intraligand (IL) charge transfer.

Iron carbodiimide materials have been prepared using transmetallation reaction from dilithium carbodiimide. The products were characterized by elemental analysis and infrared spectroscopy presenting the characteristic absorption of carbodiimide group (-NCN-). The partial oxidation of iron carbodiimide materials based on s-indacene ligand has shown a clear electronic delocalization observed by IR spectroscopy. The thermal degradation of these materials studied by thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), starts around 180-200°C.

The synthesis of the complex Cp<A HREF="#*">*</A>Ru(C8H7) is reported. The new complex is obtained in good yield through the reaction of the tetramer [Cp<A HREF="#*">*</A>RuCl]4 with the monoanion salt of hidropentalene. The complex is indefinitely stable under an inert atmosphere. The characterisation was carried out by NMR techniques. The 1H-NMR spectrum of the complex shows a large range coupling, indicative of a strong electronic interaction in the system. Computational calculations carried out at semiempirical level show that the frontiers orbitals (HOMO and LUMO) are centred on the ruthenium and pentalene giving a theoretical support of the interaction observed in the system. The cyclic voltametry shows only one irreversible oxidation process at 0.840 V.

En este trabajo se reporta la síntesis del complejo [Cp*Ru(C8H7)]. Este nuevo compuesto, se obtiene, en buen rendimiento, a partir del tetrámero [Cp*RuCl]4 y la sal monoaniónica de pentaleno, mostrando estabilidad por tiempo indefinido en atmósfera inerte. La caracterización del nuevo complejo se realiza mediante técnicas de RMN. El espectro de H1-RMN del complejo presenta un acoplamiento de largo alcance, indicando una alta interacción electrónica en el sistema. Los cálculos computacionales llevados a cabo a nivel semiempírico, muestran que la distribución de los orbitales frontera (HOMO y LUMO) esta centrada en el pentaleno y el Rutenio, dando una evidencia teórica de la interacción electrónica que existe en el sistema. Los estudios de voltametría cíclica muestran sólo un proceso de oxidación irreversible a 0.840 V